GETTING A JOB WORLDWIDE

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2011-10-15T23:11:00.000-07:00

Earn money completing short, simple tasks for this company. There is a wide variety of work regularly available such as translation, research, data entry, writing, and editing. Work whenever and wherever you want and get paid the next business day via PayPal.

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How to Find a Job

2009-08-15T14:10:00.000-07:00

1. Set down and make a list of what you need and what you have to offer when you need to find a job. Include the minimum amount of pay you are willing to accept, hours available, what type of benefits you require, and your qualifications.

2. Write a résumé. This is one of the most vital steps when wanting to find a job. A well written résumé can make the difference. If you aren’t great at writing it might be beneficial to hire this out. With all the people out of work employers are looking for the best of the best and can find it right now.

3. Check your local paper. This is always a good idea when needing to find a job. Some papers even have a free online version so check for that as well.

4. Check your local job service center. You can find a job easily at one of these centers. Tons of companies are going to these centers to find dependable employees. You will be hired in for a temporary position which often times leads to full time employment. Many employers have found it to be a simpler process to weed out individuals by using these types of services.

How to Find a Job in Your Passion

2009-08-15T14:02:00.000-07:00

1. Identify your interests. Knowing what you like to do makes finding a job in your passion much easier. It also empowers you to accept your interests instead of denying or shunning them. This may be difficult if you cling to negative attitudes about your interests. Making a list of current enjoyable hobbies can help focus your attention on appealing subjects. Exclude chores and unbearable tasks from your list for an accurate listing of suitable activities.

2. Pinpoint your strengths and abilities. Identifying your natural talents allows you to choose a job that best suits your disposition. Consider factors such as your personality and preference for solitude to avoid jobs that are contrary to your desires. Asking a friend or colleague for opinions regarding your strong suits can help you create an accurate assessment.

3.Find a mentor in your anticipated career field. Speaking with a trustworthy insider can give you the courage necessary to pursue your goals. Ask for recommended career strategies and information regarding the job outlook. These candid conversations can help dispel myths and make you a more viable job candidate.

4. Pursue educational opportunities that better your chances for employment. Maintaining current certifications can give you an edge over other candidates and demonstrate your commitment to a new career when changing job fields. Avoid using only your "hopes and dreams" as justification of skills and education.

5. Apply for jobs in your passion. Use your professional connections to inquire about employment possibilities, and create candidate profiles at industry-specific job sites for access to a variety of positions. Make a targeted resume and cover letter for each job application to better your chances of landing an interview and eventually getting hired.

50 Job Interview Questions, why they are asked and how to Answer!

2009-04-04T03:26:00.000-07:00

Question 1: Why Do You Want To Work For Us?

It’s rare for an interview not to include this question.
The good news is that it’s an easy one to prepare for.
Most companies want to recruit people who are enthusiastic about the company and its products. They don’t want people on the team who “ended up there by accident”. So this is your chance to show why working for the company is important to you and why you think you will fit in.

They will be looking for evidence that you can make a contribution and will be able to grow into the role they are recruiting.

This question is designed to screen out candidates who aren’t serious about the company or may be using it as a stop-gap, while they look for something better.

It’s also your chance to make the most of the company research you have done. You can use this opportunity to add comments that show you understand the company’s position in the market place; the role of its competitors and any challenges it may be facing.
Sample Answer: “I’m not looking for just another pay check. I enjoy my work and am proud of my profession. Your company produces a superior product/provides a superior service. I share the values that make this possible, which should enable me to fit in and complement the team."

Question 2: What interests you about this job?

When you’re asked what interests you about the position you are interviewing for, the best way to respond is to describe the qualifications listed in the job posting, then connect them to your skills and experience. That way, the employer will see that you know about the job you’re interviewing for (not everyone does) and that you have the qualifications necessary to do the job.
For example, if you were interviewing for a Human Resources Manager job where you would be responsible for recruiting, orientation, and training, you will want to discuss how you were responsible for these functions in your past positions, and why you are interested in continuing to develop your expertise in Human Resources management.
Another example would be if you were interviewing for a Programmer / Analyst position. In that case, you would mention your interest in learning and excelling at new technologies, your experience in programming both new applications, and your interest in and your ability to problem solve.
In all cases, you will want to convey your enthusiasm for the opportunity to interview, along with your solid ability to do the job.

Question 3: What do you know about Our Company?

A typical job interview question, asked to find out how much company research you have conducted, is "What do you know about this company?"
Prepare in advance, and in a word, research, so, you can provide relevant and current information about your prospective employer to the interviewer. Start by researching the company online. Review the "About Us" section of the company web site. Google the company, read blogs that mention it, and check Discussion Boards and social networking sites.
Use the information you have gathered to create a bulleted list of relevant information that you can easily remember during the interview. Taking the time to research will help you make a good impression with how much you know about the company.

Question 4: What challenges are you looking for in this position?

A typical interview question to determine what you are looking for your in next job, and whether you would be a good fit for the position being hired for, is "What challenges are you looking for in a position?"
The best way to answer questions about the challenges you are seeking is to discuss how you would like to be able to effectively utilize your skills and experience if you were hired for the job.
You can also mention that you are motivated by challenges, have the ability to effectively meet challenges, and have the flexibility and skills necessary to handle a challenging job.
You can continue by describing specific examples of challenges you have met and goals you have achieved in the past.

Question 5: Who was your best boss and who was the worst?

I’ve learned from each boss I’ve had. From the good ones I learnt what to do, from the challenging ones - what not to do.
Early in my career, I had a mentor who helped me a great deal, we still stay in touch. I’ve honestly learned something from each boss I’ve had.

Question 6: What have you been doing since your last job?

If you have an employment gap on your resume, the interviewer will probably ask you what you have been doing while you were out of work.
The best way to answer this question is to be honest, but do have an answer prepared. You will want to let the interviewer know that you were busy and active, regardless of whether you were out of work by choice, or otherwise.
As I said, it doesn’t really matter what you did, as long as you have an explanation. Hiring managers understand that people lose their job - it can happen to anyone - and it’s not always easy to find a new job fast. Also, there are legitimate non-employment reasons for being out of the workforce.

Question 7: Why did you choose this particular career path?

Sometimes in interviews, you will be asked questions that lend themselves to be answered vaguely or with lengthy explanations. Take this opportunity to direct your answer in a way that connects you with the position and company, be succinct and support your answer with appropriate specific examples.
Sample Answer: "I chose advertising because I have always been a strong communicator with a good eye for design. I have a particular interest in creating dynamic eye-catching pieces that support a new product being introduced to the market. I also like the fast-paced high-energy environment that seems to be commonplace in the advertising industry."
Advice: Your answer needs to convince the interviewers that your skills are exactly what they want. They want to know if you have a realistic view of what it is like to work in their industry. Be specific; show them that their industry and your career goals are in sync.

Question 8: What are your aspirations beyond this job?

Again, don’t fall into the trap of specifying job titles. Stick to a natural progression you see as plausible. How should this job grow for the good of the organization? Then turn your attention once again to the job at hand. If you seem too interested in what lies beyond this job, the interviewer will fear that you won’t stick around for long.
Sample Answer: Beyond this job as a marketing assistant, I see myself moving up through marketing analysis into brand management and eventually running a category. I’m aware that there are several skills I need to develop in the interval, and I believe with your continuing-education program and my own motivation for self-improvement, I’ll have those skills when the opportunities arise for greater responsibility. That’s why I’m determined to learn from the ground up, starting as a marketing assistant.

Question 9: Why do you think this industry would sustain your interest in the long haul?

What expectations or projects do you have for the business that would enable you to grow without necessarily advancing? What excites you about the business? What proof can you offer that your interest has already come from a deep curiosity-perhaps going back at least a few years-rather than a current whim you’ll outgrow?
Sample Answer: The technology in the industry is changing so rapidly that I see lots of room for job enhancement regardless of promotions. I’m particularly interested in the many applications for multimedia as a training tool.

Question 10: Tell me about yourself?

This is not an invitation to ramble on. If the context isn’t clear, you need to know more about the question before giving an answer. In such a situation, you could ask, "Is there a particular aspect of my background that you would like more information on?" This will enable the interviewer to help you find the appropriate focus and avoid discussing irrelevancies.

Whichever direction your answer ultimately takes, be sure that it has some relevance to the world of your professional endeavours. The tale you tell should demonstrate, or refer to, one or more of your key behavioural profiles in action–perhaps honesty, integrity, being a team player, or determination. If you choose "team player" (maybe you’re the star player on your team tennis group), you can tell a story about yourself outside of work that also speaks volumes about you at work. In part, your answer should make the connection between the two, such as, "I put my heart into everything I do, whether it be sports or work. I find that getting along with teammates–or professional peers–makes life more enjoyable and productive."

Or you might describe yourself as someone who is able to communicate with a variety of people, so give an example from your personal life that indicates an ability to communicate also at work.

This isn’t a question that you can answer effectively off the cuff. Take some time in advance to think about yourself and those aspects of your personality and/or background that you’d like to promote or feature for your interviewer.

Question 11: What has been the biggest disappointment in your life?

Your response to the question "What has been the greatest disappointment in your life?" will help the interviewer determine know how easily you are discouraged.
Sample Answer: If possible, tell about a personal disappointment i.e. the early death of a parent, child, or school friend. Believe it or not, it is okay to have not had a "greatest" disappointment.

Question 12: What are your pet peeves?

Your response to the question "What are your pet peeves?" will help the interviewer determine if you would be a good fit with the company culture.
Sample Answer: I do not have a pet peeve. If something is bothering me, I step back, analyse "why", and find a good solution. If you asked my teenage daughter she would tell you my pet peeve is the volume on her radio!

Question 13: How has your education prepared you for your career?

This is a broad question and you need to focus on the behavioural examples in your educational background which specifically align to the required competencies for the career.
Sample Answer: My education has focused on not only the learning the fundamentals, but also on the practical application of the information learned within those classes. For example, I played a lead role in a class project where we gathered and analysed best practice data from this industry. Let me tell you more about the results . . .
Focus on behavioural examples supporting the key competencies for the career. Then ask if they would like to hear more examples.

Question 14: When was the last time you were angry and what happened?

When the interviewer asks "When Was the Last Time You Were Angry? What Happened?" he or she wants to know if you lose control. The real meaning of the word "angry", to an interviewer, is loss of control and it’s important to know how you handle situations when you’re angry.
Sample Answer: Anger to me means loss of control. I do not lose control. When I get stressed, I step back, take a deep breath, thoughtfully think through the situation and then begin to formulate a plan of action.

Question 15: How do you evaluate success?

I evaluate success in different ways. At work, it is meeting the goals set by my supervisors and my fellow workers. It is my understanding, from talking to other employees, that the GGR Company is recognized for not only rewarding success, but giving employees opportunity to grow as well. After work, I enjoy playing softball, so success on the field is catching the winning pop-up.
Question 16: What are the major reasons for your success?
This is not the time to become extremely self-centred and arrogant. Keep in mind that employers are often looking for team players rather than Lone Rangers. A good response to this question may relate to a mentor/and or philosophy of work or the people you work with. Also, use this question as an opportunity to inquire about an appropriate "fit for success" with this company.

Question 17: Describe a typical work week for you.

Interviewers expect a candidate for employment to discuss what they do while they are working in detail. Before you answer, consider the position you are applying for and how your current or past positions relate to it. The more you can connect your past experience with the job opening, the more successful you will be at answering the questions.
It should be obvious that it’s not a good idea talk about non-work related activities that you do on company time, but, I’ve had applicants tell me how they are often late because they have to drive a child to school or like to take a long lunch break to work at the gym.
Keep your answers focused on work and show the interviewer that you’re organized ("The first thing I do on Monday morning is check my voicemail and email, then I prioritize my activities for the week.") and efficient.

Question 18: How would you describe the pace at which you work?

When you’re asked to describe the pace at which you work, be careful how you respond. This is another question where faster isn’t necessarily better. Most employers would rather hire employees who work at a steady pace. Someone who is too slow to get the job done in a reasonable time frame isn’t going to be a good hire. Neither is a candidate who works frenetically all day.
Options for answering this question include saying that you work at a steady pace, but usually complete work in advance of the deadline. Discuss your ability to manage projects and get them done on, or ahead, of schedule. If you work at a job where you have set criteria (i.e. number of calls made or responded to) that measures accomplishments, discuss how you have achieved or exceeded those goals.

Question 19: Give me proof of your persuasiveness.

This is a question about leadership, but try not to use an example in which you were the designated leader. If possible, describe a time when you didn’t really have authority but instead used your powers of persuasion to get people on your side. Describe your goal and the outcome of your efforts. Why did people trust or believe you?
Sample Answer: During my summer internship I was assigned the task of conducting a benchmarking study for all the communication expenditures for a major utility. I had to get the consensus of employees in several different departments. Unfortunately, they resented the fact that I was just a summer intern, and they refused to cooperate. I had to schedule individual meetings with every employee and persuade each one that I was doing what would be ultimately to his or her own department and to the company. After a frustrating month, I finally got everyone’s cooperation, the project went flawlessly, and in the end I received a bonus for my efforts.

Question 20: Would your current boss describe you as the type of person who goes that extra mile?

When interviewing with companies, you will often be asked questions that seem straightforward to answer. However more often than not - a ‘yes’ ‘no’ answer is not good enough. Always try to back up what you are saying with examples, as this will validate what you are trying to say.
Sample Answer: "Absolutely. In fact, on my annual evaluations, he writes that I am the most dependable and flexible person on his staff. I think this is mostly because of my ability to prioritise."
Advice: Share an example or experience that demonstrates your dependability or willingness to tackle a tough project. If you describe "long hours of work," make sure that you prove the hours were productive, and not the result of poor time management.

Question 21: What new skills or ideas do you bring to the job that our internal candidates don’t offer?

Often in an interview, you will be asked to separate yourself from other candidates who may be more qualified or may be less of a risk-factor.
Sample Answer: "Because I’ve worked with the oldest player in this industry, I can help you avoid some of the mistakes we made in our established markets."
Advice: This question addresses your motivation in adding "true value" to the job. Evaluate the job carefully, considering current limitations or weaknesses in the department and your unique abilities. Your ability here to prove "I offer what you need and then some" could land you the job.

Question 22: Give us an example of a situation where you didn’t meet your goals or objectives.

What they’re looking for with this one is an example of where objectives weren’t met and what you did to rectify the situation.

Better still, provide an example of where things almost went wrong and what you did to prevent it.

Beware: a common trap to fall into is to give one of the following two answers:
Bad: "I can’t think of such a situation."
This makes you either seem unbelievably perfect (i.e. arrogant) or completely naïve and unable to spot and avoid potential disaster.
Bad: Give an example of a situation that went wrong, but not realise until you’re half way through the story that it doesn’t have a happy ending!
Try to make the examples relevant to the job for which you are applying.

However, it’s generally acceptable to offer non-work related examples, if these are good illustrations of transferable skills required for the job.

Question 23: Give us an example of a situation where you faced conflict or difficult communication problems.

This is not the time to tell the interviewer how much you hate your current boss or colleagues!

It’s also not the point to launch into a tirade about how difficult people in your office are to work with and how many arguments you have.

So what are they looking for? They’re looking for someone who can rise above conflict and diffuse the emotions, finding a win-win solution.

Basically, recruiters want to employ people who will get on well with others, whilst still delivering the company’s objectives.

This type of question is your chance to demonstrate your interpersonal and team-working skills.

The interviewer will be looking for maturity and the ability to be able to keep your calm, whilst others around you are losing theirs. Don’t feel you have to provide an answer that gives you full credit for the solution – it can often be more powerful (if it’s true) to demonstrate how you worked with others to find a fix.

Practise your answer to this question. It can have many guises, but is almost guaranteed to be asked in some form.

Question 24: Have you ever had a conflict with a boss or professor? How was it resolved?

Note that if you say no, most interviewers will keep drilling deeper to find a conflict. The key is how you behaviourally reacted to conflict and what you did to resolve it.
For example: “Yes, I have had conflicts in the past. Never major ones, but there have been disagreements that needed to be resolved. I’ve found that when conflict occurs, it helps to fully understand the other person’s perspective, so I take time to listen to their point of view, and then I seek to work out a collaborative solution. For example . . .”
Focus your answer on the behavioural process for resolving the conflict and working collaboratively.

Question 25: If you know your boss is 100% wrong about something, how would you handle this?

An answer that works well is: "It depends on the situation and the personality of the supervisor." To elaborate, give examples:
My present supervisor does not like to have his authority questioned. He’s fairly new on the job and almost all of the people he supervises have been on the job longer than he has. He’s never bothered to learn the procedures, how things are done or how the computer system works. But if any of us tell him that how he wants something done won’t work, he gets extremely angry. So, I never tell him he’s wrong. Never. Whatever he tells me to do, I smile and say "okay." Then if I know a way to get it done that will work, I do it that way, give him the results he wants and never tell him I didn’t do it the way he told me to. He got the results and is happy. I saved myself the stress of being yelled at and gave him what he wanted, so I’m happy.
My prior supervisor was more easy-going and if I told her "you know, I think it might work better if I do what you asked in such and such a way," she say "okay, try it."
If I were a new hire on a job, I would probably not question a supervisor because I might think I didn’t know enough. Except on the new job I’m going to. The director has admitted that she’s new on the job and there are a lot of things that a secretary does that she doesn’t know how to do, so she will be depending on me to know how to keep the office running.

Question 26: Where do you see yourself in 3 / 5/ 10 years time?

Err…

Not a good response.

So what might an employer be looking for with this question?
• Are you serious about the company? Is the company part of your long-term plan, or are they a stepping stone?
• Are you serious about your career?
• Do you know where you want to go?
• How does this job help you get there?
• Are you ambitious? This can be positive or negative.
• How does this job fit within your longer-term plans? Is this job just a stop-gap? If the job is part of your strategy, how likely are you to want to be promoted?
• Do you have any longer-term plans? They may use this to judge how far you would plan ahead in your new role.

This question is a good opportunity to show your commitment to the role and knowledge of the company’s structure and vision.

Beware of seeming to threaten your future manager, if they’re interviewing you. A humorous answer we have often heard to this question is “doing your job”. This may be true and may even get a laugh, but some managers are quite insecure and may not want to hire someone who they fear would undermine them.
Sample Answer: "In five years, I would like to have progressed to the point where I have bottom-line responsibility and the chance to lead an operations unit."
Advice: Avoid the urge to describe job titles; this makes you seem unbending and unrealistic, since you do not know or control the system of promotion. Describe new experiences or responsibilities you’d like to add in the future that build on the current job you are applying for.

Question 27: How do you plan to achieve those goals?

As a follow-up to the above question the interviewer will often ask how you plan on achieving those goals. A good answer to this question will speak specifically about what you are going to accomplish and how you are going to accomplish it. Examples of good responses include:
I plan on gaining additional skills by taking related classes and continuing my involvement with a variety of professional associations.
I noticed that XYZ Company (the company you are interviewing with) provides in-house training for employees and I would certainly be interested in taking classes that would be relevant.
I will continue my professional development my participating in conferences, attending seminars, and continuing my education.

Question 28: What drives you to achieve your objectives?

An interviewer is looking to fulfil certain competencies, in this case motivation and commitment. “You might say ‘I like doing a job well and perform best when stretched’,” says Tim Forster, the head of UK experienced recruitment at Pricewaterhouse Coopers.

Question 29: What are you looking for in your next job? What is important to you?

You can begin your answer with this question: Tell me, Mr./Ms. Interviewer, what is a typical career path at OPL for someone with my skills and experience?
(Based on the answer you can then respond to the original question using the phrases from the answer to frame your response).
What is important to you? Two things are very important to me. One is my professionalism at work; the second is my family life.

Question 30: What would your current manager say are your strengths?

We often find it hard to tell people what we’re good at.

Selling yourself, without appearing arrogant, is one of the most common interview worries. Many people simply don’t sell themselves, for fear of seeming big-headed.

Do you know what your strengths are? You’d be surprised how few do.

One place to start is your recent performance appraisals. What did they highlight as your strengths? Can you supply evidence (provide examples)? Can you relate the strengths to the position you’re being interviewed for?

Still stuck for answers to this question?
• You could try asking someone. Ask a trusted friend or work colleague. Make sure they give you examples of where you have demonstrated the strengths, so you can quickly use these, if asked.
• It’s also worth revisiting the job information, to look for which competencies they are looking for. You will make a more favourable impression if you can cover some of these in your answer.

Question 31: What would your current manager say are your weaknesses?

This is not the place to admit your biggest flaws.

It’s also not the time to pretend you don’t have any development areas – it would make you look either conceited or as though you can’t evaluate your own performance.

So how should you handle this type of question?

The main thing is to admit that you have areas to develop, whilst showing that you are already working on them and giving examples of the progress you have made.

If possible, choose a development area that doesn’t affect your ability to do the job for which you are being interviewed.

It’s usually a good idea to make the “weakness” something small. Avoid topics such as “organisational skills” or “time management”! Be ready to turn it into a positive.

What happens if one of your development areas is one of the key strengths required for the role?

Make sure you can demonstrate why it won’t be a problem.

Question 32: Are you overqualified for this job?

Overqualified? Some would say that I’m not overqualified but fully qualified. With due respect, could you explain the problem with someone doing the job better than expected?
I’m flattered that you think I’m headhunter bait and will leap to another job when an offer appears. Not really. This job is so attractive to me that I’m willing to sign a contract committing to stay for a minimum of 12 months. There’s no obligation on your part. How else can I convince you that I’m the best person for this position?
As you note, I’ve worked at a higher level but this position is exactly what I’m looking for. You offer opportunity to achieve the magic word: balance. I’m scouting for something challenging but a little less intense so I can spend more time with my family.
Salary is not my top priority. Not that I have a trust fund but I will work for less money, will take direction from managers of any age, will continue to stay current on technology and will not leave you in the lurch if Hollywood calls to make me a star. And I don’t insist that it’s my way or the highway.

Question 33: Why should we give you this job?

This is the time to give them your USP - Unique Selling Proposition - or what makes you different from all the other applicants.

It’s really worth working out and practising your answer to this before the interview.

Some businesses use the phrase "30 second elevator speech".

Imagine you have just bumped into the CEO of the company you want to work for, getting into a lift. He or she asks you "Why should we give you the job?". You have the time it takes for the lift to reach its destination (about 30 seconds) to give a compelling answer.

The key is to highlight your strengths and the benefits you can bring to the company. Make sure you avoid sounding desperate!

As preparation, you should refer back to the job advert and also listen carefully during the interview, to make sure your answer meets the needs of the "buyer" (the interviewer).

You are giving your answer from the perspective of the buyer’s needs, rather than your own.

Finish your answer with: "I have the qualifications you need [itemize them], I’m a team player, I take direction, and I have the desire to make a thorough success."

Question 34: We’re considering two other candidates for this position. Why should we hire you rather than someone else?

Do not be distracted by the mention of two other candidates, you don’t know anything about them and they could be fictitious. Focus on what strengths you bring to the table. These should be consistent with the four things most employers are looking for in candidates during the job interview: competence, professionalism, enthusiasm, and likability. Remember, they are looking for chemistry between you and them. Be prepared to summarize in 60 seconds why you are the best candidate for the job. Also, let the employer know you want the job and you will enjoy working with them. A lack of interest in the job may indicate a lack of enthusiasm for the job and them.

Question 35: What would you do if one of our competitors offered you a position?

The interviewer is trying to determine whether the candidate is truly interested in the industry and company, or whether he or she has chosen the company randomly. Contrast your perceptions of the company with its competitors, and talk about the company’s products or services that you’ve encountered. In the long run, which players do you believe are most viable and why? This is also a good place to ask the interviewer for his or her opinion.
Sample Answer: I’d say no. I’m not interested in other players in this industry. I want to work for Nike because I won a number of races wearing the Nike brand. Because of my positive experience with Nike, I know I’d be convincing selling your product to retailers.

Question 36: What are your biggest accomplishments?

Keep your answers job related. You might begin your reply with: "Although I feel my biggest achievements are still ahead of me, I am proud of my involvement with . . . I made my contribution as a part of that team and learned a lot in the process. We did it with hard work, concentration, and an eye for the bottom line."

Question 37: What did you like/dislike about your last job?

The interviewer is looking for incompatibilities. If a trial lawyer says he or she dislikes arguing a point with colleagues, such a statement will only weaken–if not immediately destroy–his or her candidacy.

Most interviews start with a preamble by the interviewer about the company. Pay attention: That information will help you answer the question. In fact, any statement the interviewers make about the job or corporation can be used to your advantage.

So, in answer, you liked everything about your last job. You might even say your company taught you the importance of certain keys from the business, achievement, or professional profile. Criticising a prior employer is a warning flag that you could be a problem employee. No one intentionally hires trouble, and that’s what’s behind the question. Keep your answer short and positive. You are allowed only one negative about past employers, and only then if your interviewer has a "hot button" about his or her department or company; if so, you will have written it down on your notepad. For example, the only thing your past employer could not offer might be something like "the ability to contribute more in different areas"

You might continue with, "I really liked everything about the job. The reason I want to leave it is to find a position where I can make a greater contribution. You see, I worked for a large company that encourages specialisation of skills. The smaller environment you have here will, allow me to contribute far more in different areas." Tell them what they want to hear–replay the hot button.

Of course, if you interview with a large company, turn it around. "I work for a small company and don’t get the time to specialise in one or two major areas."

Question 38: Can you work under pressure?

You might be tempted to give a simple "yes" or "no" answer, but don’t. It reveals nothing, and you lose the opportunity to sell your skills and value profiles. Actually, this common question often comes from an unskilled interviewer, because it is closed-ended. As such, the question does not give you the chance to elaborate. Whenever you are asked a closed-ended question, mentally add: "Please give me a brief yet comprehensive answer." Do this, and you will give the information requested and seize an opportunity to sell yourself. For example, you could say: "Yes, I usually find it stimulating. However, I believe in planning and proper management of my time to reduce panic deadlines within my area of responsibility."

Question 39: What environments allow you to be especially effective?

Emphasize your flexibility and your ability to work in many different types of environments. Your answer should not consist of a laundry list of requirements (private office, few interruptions, and so on) or the interviewer may conclude that you will be difficult to satisfy.
Sample Answer: Although I can work effectively in most environments, I prefer environments where people are their own bosses, within reason. I like to have a goal but be able to draw my own map to get there. To accomplish goals, I rely on asking questions and finding people receptive, so cooperation and access are important to me in a work group.

Question 40: What do you find are the most difficult decisions to make?

These are behavioural interview questions designed to discover how you handled certain situations. The logic behind these types of questions is that how you behaved in the past is a predictor of what you will do in the future.
Give concrete examples of difficult situations that actually happened at work. Then discuss what you did to solve the problem. Keep your answers positive ("Even though it was difficult when Jane Doe quit without notice, we were able to rearrange the department workload to cover the position until a replacement was hired.") and be specific. Itemize what you did and how you did it.
The best way to prepare for questions where you will need to recall events and actions, is to refresh your memory and consider some special situations you have dealt with or projects you have worked on. You can use them to help frame responses. Prepare stories that illustrate times when you have successfully solved a difficult situation.

Question 41: Give us an example of when you have worked to an unreasonable deadline or been faced with a huge challenge.

What is an interviewer looking for with this question? Most interviews will contain a question like this, to see how you cope under stress.

They may be checking for integrity – one of the most highly valued skills for a recruiter. They may also want you to demonstrate your commitment to delivering results.

This is a really useful question to prepare some examples for, before an interview.
Choose examples that show how you went the extra mile, but didn’t do anything illegal, immoral or unethical.

The interviewer will want to see how you rise to a challenge and how you react when put under pressure.

Think about the positive things you did, to achieve the “unachievable”.

Depending on your career history, this is another question where it’s acceptable to use an example from outside work, as long as the skills are clearly transferable to your new role.

You might not have had the experience in your career so far, so most interviewers will accept an extra-curricular illustration that shows how you would add value to their company.

Question 42: What is the most difficult situation you have faced?

The question looks for information on two fronts: How do you define difficult? What was your handling of the situation? You must have a story, one in which the situation was tough and one which will allow you to show yourself in a good light. Avoid talking about problems that have to do with co-workers. You can talk about the difficult decision to fire someone, but emphasise that once you had examined the problem and reached a conclusion you acted quickly and professionally, with the best interests of the company at heart.

"What are some of the things that bother you?" "What are your pet hates?" "Tell me about the last time you felt anger on the job."

These questions are so similar that they can be treated as one. It is tremendously important that you show you can remain calm. Most of us have seen a co-worker lose his or her cool on occasion–not a pretty sight and one that every sensible employer wants to avoid. This question comes up more and more often the higher up the corporate ladder you climb, and the more frequent your contact with clients and the general public. To answer it, find something that angers conscientious workers. "I enjoy my work and believe in giving value to my employer."

Question 42: Tell me about a special contribution you have made to your employer.

Before an employer makes his/her decision to hire you, they will need to know how you have performed in the past and any other special contributions that you can bring to the company
"In my last job, I ran the fund raiser campaign for three consecutive years. I believed it was an important cause, and I knew it was difficult for the company to find volunteers."
Advice: Don’t give long boring answers, instead focus you answers on the actions you took and the positive results that you obtained.

Question 43: Tell me about a time when you had to deal with an irate customer. How did you handle the situation?

How you react when others lose their temper or become upset is very important in most positions, especially those in service industries. The interviewer will be looking for evidence of your aptitude for work that involves a great deal of contact with the public. Give an example of a time when you were faced with a difficult person and how you handled it. Your answer should illustrate your maturity, diplomacy, and awareness of the needs and feelings of others.
Sample Answer: My customer service position at the telephone company involved dealing occasionally with irate customers. When that happened, I’d try to talk in a calm, even voice, in order to get the person to respond in a businesslike manner and focus on trying to resolve the situation. Most times I was able to rectify the problem and pacify the customer, but I remember one incident in particular in which the caller became verbally abusive. I tried to remain calm and professional and not to let my personal feelings enter into the situation. I didn’t respond to the abuse, I just made a knot of it and continued to help he customer as best I could. When the abuse persisted, however, I politely asked him to call back and ask for my manager, because at that point I knew I shouldn’t resolve the problem.

Question 44: How do you take direction?

The interviewer wants to know whether you are open - minded and can be a team player. Can you follow directions or are you a difficult, high-maintenance employee? Hopefully, you are a low-maintenance professional who is motivated to ask clarifying questions about a project before beginning, and who then gets on with the job at hand, coming back to initiate requests for direction as circumstances dictate.

This particular question can also be defined as "How do you take direction?" and "How do you accept criticism?" Your answer should cover both points: "I take direction well and recognise that it can come in two varieties, depending on the circumstances. There is carefully explained direction, when my boss has time to lay things out for me in detail; then there are those times when, as a result of deadlines and other pressures, the direction might be brief and to the point. While I have seen some people get upset with that, personally I’ve always understood that there are probably other considerations I am not aware of. As such, I take the direction and get on with the job without taking offense, so my boss can get on with their job. It’s the only way."

Question 45: What colour is your brain?

Be aware that you’ll probably be asked zany questions. The point is not to stump you, but to find out what makes you tick. When the standard interview questions are asked, people are prepared, and it’s harder for the recruiter to get to know the real person. An advertising recruiter, for example, tries to avoid this. There is no right or wrong answer to this type of question. In fact, the recruiter won’t even really care what your answer is. He or she just doesn’t want to hear something like, "I don’t know, I guess it’s blue because that’s the way I imagine it." The point is to see how creative you are and how you think. Be sure to explain why you answered the way you did.
Sample Answer: My brain is red because I’m always hot. I’m always on fire with new plans and ideas."

Question 46: Do you prefer working in a team or on your own?

Think about this one before you answer.

Think about the position for which you are applying. It is likely to require flexibility of working styles, but will probably fall into one of the following 3 categories:
1. Group /Team
You don’t have personal responsibility for the outcome, but are part of a group that achieves it. Often everyone has the same role, e.g. in a call centre.
2. Team / Solo
Most professional roles require a mixture: you have a defined role and responsibilities, but tend to do much of your work in a team environment.
3. Mainly solo
you are responsible for your own outcomes and may be required to spend a considerable amount of time working independently. You will probably still work as part of a team.

The best bet with this question is to try to tailor your answer to the company’s needs, whilst remaining honest. If you say you are a great team player, they’ll soon spot you’re not, once you start the job…

Question 47: What do your work colleagues think of you?

I like to ask people to consider the third person perspective; they have to think on their feet, and it allows me to assess their self-awareness. I’d also ask what their work colleagues would consider were their strengths and areas for development,” says Geoff Hall, the head of human resources for World Duty Free.

Question 48: Tell me about your salary expectations.

Everyone wants to make a lot of money working the job they love. You should be honest here. Saying that you will be ok working for $30,000 when you think you are worth $40,000 is not a very smart idea. Experience will show that you will lose interest in the job pretty quickly.
Sample Answer: "Current salary information published by our State Association indicates a range of $30,000 to $40,000 a year. While I’m not certain how your salaries compare to this industry, my feeling is that my value would certainly be in the upper half of this national range."
Advice: You should answer this question in general terms. Mention the market value for yourself.

Question 49: What will you do if you don’t get this position?

When you’re interviewing for an internal position within your company, you may be asked what you will do if you don’t get the job. The interviewer wants to know whether you are concerned about just the advancement opportunity or the company.
Sample Answer: I am committed to this company and its advancement so, should I not be selected, I will work with and support whoever might get selected. However, I do feel that my experience in the department and with the team would make me the best candidate.

Question 50: What is the first thing you would change, if you were to start work here?

Your answer to this depends on how much you know about the job.

Why are they recruiting?

Are they looking for an “agent of change” or someone to maintain stability? Would you be in a position to change anything?

A good strategy for this question is to precede your answer with a brief explanation of how you would get to know the business, the people, the challenges and your role, before you considered changing anything.

Unless you’ve been specifically recruited to make fast, radical change, few people will appreciate a “bull in a China shop” approach.

It’s important that you illustrate empathy for change that will be acceptable within the corporate culture. However, for management positions, you may be required to make changes that will be unpopular.

It is perfectly acceptable to answer this question with a question; asking them what they would expect from you.

This is quite a sensitive topic and you may find an interview coaching session useful, if you’d like to practise answering it.

STRATEGIES OF GETTING A GOOD JOB OPENINGS IN YOUR AREA

2009-03-25T01:47:00.000-07:00

Looking for a new job isn't always easy and it's usually not fun. You need a plan to find the best job opening in your area, so that you can find a great job and fast.

1. Know what you want out of a job. You can always find job openings, but in order to find available positions that could benefit you, then you should know what you are looking for in a job.

2. Write your resume to highlight strengths you have that will benefit the types of job openings you are looking for. For example, you wouldn't want to send a resume in for a job as an administrative assistant that highlights what a great grill cook you were at the corner restaurant.

3. Start with your local newspaper. You local newspaper is one of the easiest ways to find any job openings in your area and now that you know what you are looking for this process will go faster. Highlight any jobs you are interested in and start applying.

4. Do an Internet search for job openings. The Internet puts the world at our fingertips and it also puts job leads there. Look at the large companies in your local area and visit their websites.

5. Talk to people in the field of work you are looking to apply. One of the best ways to hear about great job openings is from the people who already do the job. Word of mouth is a great thing, take advantage of it. Networking is an important part of any career, but it can also be very useful when searching for jobs.

EMPLOYMENT IN A LARGE ESTABLISHMENT

2008-11-01T02:29:00.000-07:00

The following factors should be considered when deciding to make a career in a large establishment:

1. Greater Specialization is Possible: Large business establishments employ people on the basis of
their training and skills for a particular aspect of the work. In a big firm, therefore, people will do the work they have been trained for and are interested in doing. Under such conditions greater skill and more specialization is possible, and may lead to more pay.

2. Large Establishments are more stable: The large size increases a firm’s chances for success and
survival.

3. Greater Job Security: Since large establishments generally have greater chances for success and
Prosperity, people working in them have a better chance of remaining longer in employment.

4. More Fringe Benefits: Large firms offer better fringe benefits to their workers. Such fringe
Benefits may include pension schemes, company- paid group insurance schemes, free medical expenses, leave allowance, study leave with pay, etc

EMPLOYMENT IN A SMALL ESTABLISHMENT

2008-11-01T02:27:00.000-07:00

What is it like to work in a small establishment? The following should be considered when deciding to make a career in a small business establishment.
1. Independence and Freedom: There could be more freedom in a small establishment because the individual has more personal control over success or failure.

2. Impact of actions is felt more: In a small establishment, an employee’s activities do not have a
noticeable effect on the business. An employee is able to see how his hard work helps the firm
grow. This may bring personal credit to him.

3. More Opportunities for Success: Small firms offer greater opportunities for success for the
worker with exceptional output.

4. More informal and Flexible Rules: Small establishments have less written rules and regulations
restrict activities. This means that policies, decisions and actions are more flexible.

5. Broad Experience is Possible: An employee can perform a variety of different tasks in a small
firm which may pay off in the long run in terms of acquiring more skills and experience.

EMPLOYMENT AFTER GRADUATION

2008-11-01T02:26:00.000-07:00

After graduation, some graduates may probably set up their own business and make a living as sole proprietors or as partners in a partnership or private company.

Alternatively, other graduates, on leaving the higher institution, may prefer to seek for paid employment either in the public or civil service, or in the firms and companies in the private sector. The public and civil services constitutes the public sector and are usually large establishments. In the private sector, however, large and small establishments abound. There are distinct and peculiar factors to consider in working for a small firm, as well as for large establishment, whether in the public sector or the private sector.

The Benefits Of Increasing Confidence Among Graduates & Job Seekers By Joseph Ene

2008-09-17T10:28:00.000-07:00

It has been observed that graduates don't achieve their goals in life as earlier planned. Today most graduates fail to understand that their future lies in their hands. Yes, problems do occur which may hinder your success in life. But sincerely all hope is not lost. Your problem today is as a result of your inability to be confident in yourself.

Graduates should be confident, this is because confidence is associated with feeling happy, energetic, lighthearted, and generally in control of life. Confidence is a very precious commodity. Those who posses it find it easier to learn new skills, to make friends, to enjoy happy relationships, to adapt to change and to achieve what they want in life.

The lives of graduates/job seekers will be simply be better when live with confidence. This is because being confident in yourself has a huge benefits. They are:

1.Attracting Opportunities: When you are confident, others are likely to entrust you with new challenges, difficult problems to solve, and tasks that require strong leadership.

2.Feeling in Control: When you are confident, you believe you are more self determining, that you can take the initiative, influence others, and make things happen.

3.Forging Relationships: Just as confidence helps people to initiate friendships, it also helps to build positive, mutually beneficial relationships over long term.

4.Coping with Crises: When you are confident that you can solve any problems and rise to challenges, you are more likely to respond to difficult situations.

5.Learning throughout Life: Being confident makes you more open to learning and experimenting in life, leading to greater self-fulfillment and emotional growth. Confidence has nothing to do with being self-satisfied or superior. It means being happy to admit that you have failings, that you do not know everything, and have plenty to learn.

Therefore graduates should plan ahead for a greater tomorrow, you may encounter problems or mistakes, do not give up, agree that you have made a mistake, learn from that problem or mistake, build on your existing confidence and you will understand that with confidence, life is simply far more enjoyable.

Why Graduates Should Be Disciplined

2008-09-15T06:21:00.000-07:00

If there is one critical ingredient for a successful quest for both wealth and happiness, it is discipline, but most graduates reject this concept. Yet the acquisition of discipline holds the dream and aspirations of graduates.

Discipline is a way of training your mind and body, or learning to control behavior. It is the bridge between thought and accomplishment, the magic that turns financial necessity into creation of an inspired work of art.

Discipline is the foundation on which all success is built, lack of discipline inevitably leads to failure. Discipline comes to those with the awareness that for a kite to fly, it must rise against the wind; that all good things are achieved by those willing to swim upstream, that drifting aimlessly through life only leads to bitterness and disappointment.

For you to acquire discipline it requires that you develop an awareness of the importance of discipline in your life, start by asking yourself; what do I want to accomplish in life? What changes do I need to make in order to attain my goals? Am I willing to do what it takes? If yes, then you need to make a long term commitment to maintain your discipline wisely, deliberately and constantly.

Discipline is important to all especially to graduates. This is because, discipline attracts opportunity, exciting opportunities invariably come to those who have developed skills and who have the ambition to act through discipline and commitment.

It is that unique process of intelligent thought and activity that put a lid of temper and a faucet on courtesy that encourages success and refuses to accept failure. Anyone can begin the process of being discipline. You can do it by degrees, one step at a time.

Start the new process of being discipline, and learn to stick with your commitment. Out of this seemingly unimportant beginning, you will learn how it feels to be discipline. And from there, the sky is the limit.

HOW TO PLAN A JOB CAMPAIGN

2008-07-01T11:31:00.001-07:00

In planning for a job, the following should form the basics of the campaign: Information of the job in opportunities, information about prospective employers, a curriculum vitae, letter of application, and preparation for an interview.

Sources of Information on Job Opportunities
The first thing to do in planning a job campaign is to locate the possible sources of information on job opportunities. For final year students in higher institutions, the Students Affairs Office should be the first port of call for potential job seekers. Many companies usually write to students affairs departments intimating them of the job opening they have.

Pivate employment agencies also have information about job openings. These are usually found in large towns and students or graduates have to register with them to become acquainted with such information. Local newspapers also have classified advertisements sections which provide information about prospective job openings. Such opening are usually for lower level manpower. Professional and trade publications often carry advertisements about higher levl positions which appeal to university graduates.

Sources of Information on Prospective Employers
Information about prospective employers may be obtained from various sources. These include newspapers, books, periodicals, and company manuals. Large companies furnish the public with extensive materials on their training programmes and job opportunities. The materials will enable job seekers to get certain information, which includes, the names and addresses of companies, the type of business they are engaged in, and the names of their managing directors or chief executives. Such information make it possible for job appicants to make initial contacts with the chief executives of the listed companies.

Writing An Application letter
The purpose of writing the application letter is not to "get a job" as many people usually think, but to get an interview . This is so because the positions which educated appicants seek are almost never given without an interview. Therefore, an application letter should feature the applicants best qualifications and should be direct, personalized, and should end with a request for an interview.

The initial paragraph of an application letter should be a direct opening statement of why the applicants training and qualifications would be useful to the prospective employer. It is aimed at captivating the attention of the reader. The middle paragraph should amplify the special features indicated in the opening paragraph by stressing why you desire to work for the company.

The final or closing paragraph has just one function name, to request for a formal interview. An effective application letter will at this point created a desiree on the part of the employer for an interview.

Preparing The Curriculum Vitae
A curriculum vitae or resume is a personal data sheet that summarizes yoyr personal, educational, and experience factors that indicate your ability to perform job. Since most companies receive more job applications than they can accomodate, you need to sell yourself well through this personal advertisement.

A curriculum vitae should be short, concise and well organised. Most curriculum vitae contain the following headings:

1.Identification: Your name, address, telephone number, email address.

2. Personal Details: These include sex, marital status, date of birth, height and weight.

3. Education:Your highest educational qualification should be listed first.

4. Experience: For new graduates the work experience should focus on what you did during vacations.

5. Special Skills, Hobbies or Interests: only these that relate to the desired job should be listed.

6. References: About three names and addresses of people who can testify to your experience, education, and character should be listed. Common courtesy requires that you seek the consent of such people ahead of the actual application.

How To Prepare For An Interview
In preparing for an interview you should bear in mind that your communication skills, personality, poise, and appearance are factors that a prospective employer will use in evaluating you at the initial job interview. Therefore, you should spend reasonable time in preparing for it. Pre-Interview research should be done to enable you collect adequate information about the company. Such information not only enable you to ask intelligent questions at the interview but to project an image of self confidence.

Your conduct at an interview usually determine whether or not you get the job. Therefore, you need to be on your toes and to be honest in your answers. The following points should be remembered when preparing for an interview.

1. Analyse your strenghts and weakness ahead of the interview date.

2.Read employer literature. Study the prospective employers by reading their manuals to gain knowledge about their policies, philosophies, products, and services.

3. Dress in good taste. Remember that some employers appearance could be the deciding factor.

4. Be yourself. Emphasize your strong points and remember that the recruiter is looking for inherent personal energy and enthusiasm.

5.Dwell on the positive. Do not cover up your past failures.

6. Ask questions when indicated. Ask meaningful questions particularly when you are not clear about the details of the job, the training programme, or other job-related concerns.

7.Follow up. Provide whatever credentials, references, or transcripts that are requested by the prospective employer as soon as possible.

INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
1. What do you consider your strength and weakness?
2. In what kind of setting would you feel most useful?
3. What can you contribute to this job?
4. Why are you seeking a job with us?
5. Have you had any experience in dealing with personal conflicts?
6. Have you handled criticism?
7. What are your future plans in this field?
8. How do you plan to achieve your goals?
9. What are your interest outside of work?
10. Tell me your academic background?
11. Do you have any question about the job you are applying for?

EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR GRADUATES OF SCIENCES

2008-06-13T01:33:00.000-07:00

This section contains information on the various opportunities available to graduates of chemistry, mathematics/statistics, zoology, botany, genetics, microbiology, geology, physics, crop science, animal science, soil science, etc.

CAREER/JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR GRADUATES OF CHEMISTRY
A graduate of Chemistry has several opportunities in the following areas:
Oil and Gas Industry
A graduate of Chemistry has overwhelming opportunities in the Oil and Gas sector.He or she can work in the areas of corrosion control, quality control and in solving day to day analytical problems in the company.
The Cement Industry
A graduate of Chemistry can work in the quality control of the Cement industry. A Chemist in a cement manufacturing industry performs two functions, product quality control and economic adviser to management on production cost.
Water Supply Agency
A graduate of Chemistry can work in the water board or supply agency where he/she is involved in water quality examination and treatment.
Paint Industry
A graduate of Chemistry can work in the paint industry. Chemist are usually involved in the research and development of suitable pigments needed in the paint industry.
Pharmaceutical Industry
A graduate of Chemistry can be employed in the pharmaceutical industry where he/she will be engaged in the research and development of new potents drugs as well as in the quality control of the raw materials and finished drugs.
Educational Sector
A graduate of Chemistry may wish to join the teaching line and offer his/her services to teach our younger ones in the secondary schools Chemistry or any other basic sciences.
Self Employment
A graduate of Chemistry can be self employed, that is, set up his/her own private business or cottage industry. He/she can engage himself in commercial production of soap, body cream, polish, adhesive gum, hair cream, etc.

CAREER/JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR GRADUATES OF MATHEMATICS/STATISTICS
The study of Mathematics/Statistics offer great and rewarding opportunities to people who successfully complete their course of studies. Contrary to the general misconception that those who study mathematics usually end up in classrooms as teachers, there are indeed a wide range of opportunities in the private and public sectors of our economy for mathematics/statistics graduates.They include:
Opportunities in the Health Sector
Those trained as Statisticians, Mathematicians can be easily trained in the health sector to keep medical records. Medical statistics is a very important area in medical sciences.
Opportunities in Banking/Finance Industry
Modern Banking/Finance outfits use electronic fund transfer to meet the need of their distant customers. In addition, most banks in the urban centres are computerized and so would readily employ graduates of Mathematics and Statistics.
Opportunities in Energy Sector
Mathematicians/statisticians graduate are employed routinely in Oil and Natural Gas Industries. Most companies with well developed Research and Development department employ mathematicians for their data analysis and modelling to improve on their products and marketing outreach.
Educational sector
A graduate of Mathematics or Statistics can work in various facets of our educational system. They can be employed to teach in our primary and secondary schools, colleges of education and universities.

CAREER/JOB OPPORTUNITIES IN ZOOLOGY
Zoology is an aspect of natural science that deals with the study of animals, both vertebrates and invertebrates. Major areas of specialization in Zoology are Entomology, Parasitology, Fish Biology and Animal Physiology. The following are highlights of the areas in which a Zoologist may be gainfully employed.

1. Wildlife conservation, establishment of national parks and siting zoos.

2. Public Health and Epidermology Units, where they are involved in the studies of epidermology of parasitic infection.

3. Graduates of zoology may be employed with or without further formal training as a toxicologist in petroleum and other big industries.

4. Medical/Veterinary Sector: Graduates of Zoology specializing in physiology may find job in Medical/Veterinary establishments. They are usually involved in contraceptive technology and applied family planning, diagnosis and treatment of infertility, artificial insemination, test-tube baby and embryo transfer in humans and pharmaceutical industries.

5. Opportunities in Research Institutes and Educational Sector.

CAREER/JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR GRADUATES OF BOTANY
Botany is designed to expose graduates to a broad area of biological sciences as a whole but with much emphasis in the study of plants. Different areas of specialization abound in Botany such as Plant Pathology, Mycology, Virology, Phytophysiology, Plant Environment Bonany, Plant Anatomy, Ecology, Taxonomy Paleobotany and others.

Botany: It is a creative areas of studies in terms of jobs and career opportunities. It allows for flexibility into many sectors , such as Agriculture, Medical and Environmental sciences. A graduate of Botany, specializing in Paleobotany or paleontology is readily absorbed in the petroleum industries, where they are involved in oil exploration studies.

Plant Pathologists or Ecologists are needed also in the oil companies, where they are involved in environmental pollution monitoring and control-plant Pathologists/Mycologists are also employed in the Quarantine unit of the department of custom and excise to ascertain the health status of imported and exported plants. Botanists are very valuable in the Agricultural sectors especially in the production and management of crops.

There are numerous opportunities for graduates of Botany in several research institutes worldwide. There are also openings in conservation and wildlife management for Botanists as well as wood technology notable in the paper and pulp industry. Brewing and cosmetics industries also employ Botanists. Botanists are of high demand in sourcing for medicinal plants, utilized in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. Botanists can also become pharmacognosist,where they are invoved in the production of drugs.

CAREER/JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR GRADUATES IN GENETICS/BIOTECHNOLOGY
Graduates of Genetics/Biotechnology may be employed or trained to work as:

Molecular Biologist: A graduate with the degree in Genetics/Biotechnology can further his/her studies in the areas of Biotechnology, Molecular Biotechnology laboratory, research centres, root crop improvement, etc.

Plant and Animal Breeders: Graduates in Genetics/Biotechnology may be employed as plant or animal breeders in various agricultural setup, ministry of agriculture, they could produce hybrid seeds or plants for sale(that is develop and get patent for such plants).

Environmental Biologists: They are involved in pollution control in oil industries and other big industrial establishments. They could be employed in the ministry of environment.

Fisheries Biologists: As fisheries Biologists, graduates can work in fish farms, agricultural sectors, or they can set up their private fish farm.

Entomologist: A graduate of Genetics/Biotechnology specializing in entomology can work in pest control unit of established farms or in research institutes. They are equally useful in the produce inspection unit of the ministry of commerce and industry as pest control officers.

Parasitologists:Graduates in Genetics/Biotechnology, could work as parasitologist in hospitals, screening/diagnostic laboratories, ministry of health, world health organisation, among others.

Plant or Animal Ecologists: Graduates of Genetics/Biotechnology can work in wildlife conservation and land reclamation projects.

Careers in Universities, other Higher Institutions and Secondary School. A graduate of Genetics/Biotechnology specializing in any of the above mentioned areas could be employed in any of the universities as lecturer or research fellow. They can also teach in colleges of education, colleges of agriculture, polytechnics.

CAREER/JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR GRADUATES OF MICROBIOLOGY
Microbiology is the study 0f micr-organisms. Micro-organisms can be seen with the aid of a microscope. Graduates of Microbiology have a wide range of job opportunities and these may be summarized as follows:

Health Care Sector: Graduates of Microbiology can b employed in hospitals as laboratory scientists, where they are involved in medical analysis of specimens and diagnosis of microbial diseases.

Industrial Sector: Graduates of microbiology can work in the pharmaceutical industry, where they are involved in the production of drugs, vaccines and also in the quality control of the products generally. They can also work in food processing and beverage industries. In the petroleum industry, Microbiologists can be employed to work in oil spillage control and other related problems in the oil sector.

Microbiologists can also work in the breweries and bottling companies, both in their production line and/or in the quality control unit.

Environmental Pollution Control/Waste Management
Graduates of Micrbiology can work in the Ministry of Environment, where they are involved in solid wastes or sewage treatment and disposal. In some establishments they work in units of converting wastes to useful products(that is from waste to health).

Water Supply and Treatment:
Microbiologists can work in the water board or water supply agencies. They are usually involved in water sampling for bacteriological examination of drinking water and in the treatment of water for various purposes.

They can also work as Microbial Ecologist, where they study various interactions between micro-organisms and the environment in the ecosystem.

CAREER/JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR GRADUATES OF GEOLOGY
A graduates of Geology has several opportunities in the following sectors.

Graduates of Geology can work in the ministry of solid mineral development, mining industries, where they are involved in exploration, assessment and exploitation of useful and non-metallic deposits.

Oil Sector: The application of the knowledge and techniques of relevant espects of earth sciences is crutial to the exploration, discovery and production of oil and natural gas. A graduate of Geology is also involved in the development of new oil fields and its subsequent management.

Civil Engineering and Construction Companies: Graduates of Geology find many and diverse areas of employment in the civil engineering and construction companies, where they are involved in geophysical surveys, soil/rock mechanics studies etc. They are also involved in dams construction. In the area of engineering, the Geologists is needed in the design of structures such as roads, slopes, embankments, underground excavation and in waste disposal facilities.

Water Resources: Graduate in Geology is involved in the discovery and development of ground water resources. Thus, can be employed in water boards, water companies, agricultural development projects, among other establishments.

CAREER/JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR GRADUATES OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
Geophysics is a fundamental science which creates a basics for creative work in many areas of modern science and technology and excellent background for many areas of professional study. A graduate of Geophysics, can fit into or be gainfully employed in any of the following areas or employment sectors.

1. Oil producing companies.

2. Oil servicing companies.

3. Engineering/Solid Mineral Producing Companies.

4. Set up his or her own mineral exploration company as government is now encouraging privatisation in mineral prospecting.

5. Can be trained to work as a meteorologist in the avaition or maritime sector of the economy.

6. Can work in groundwater exploration and evaluation company.

7. Can work in any of the research institutes involved in environmental monitoring and assessment.

8.Can teach in secondary schools, colleges, and higher institutions.

A CAREER IN FOOD TECHNOLOGY
A Graduate of food technology is faced with the challenges of providing food control and quality process capability of the consumers. A graduate in this discipline becomes familiar with the food industry and the wide variety of activities that makes it efficient.

Graduates of this discipline are faced with a lot of job opportunities which are challenging and rewarding in the food industry. Therefore graduates of this discipline progress to management roles in the food industry in areas such as product development and quality assurance.

A CAREER IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
The world today is a global village. Almost all organizations has to be computer compliant in other to compete favorably in the business environment. Therefore organizations are desperately in need of IT graduates. The following are job opportunities available for graduates of IT: application programmers, systems programmers, web developers, network engineer, technical support, technical sales, and software engineer.

EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN BUSINESS

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Business comprises a widely variety of activities including the whole field of industry,trade,and finance. Although business can be expanded to include activities such as agriculture, mining, quarrying, manufacturing, processing, transportation, banking,insurance,wholesale and retail distribution, and services of all kinds. In this section however, attention is focussed only on the job opportunities that exist in the functional areas of business namely, marketing, production, accounting, finance, and personnel management.

MARKETING
About 30% of the retail of the world labour force is gainfully employed in marketing.This means that the field of marketing offers a wide variety of jobs. Some of the job areas available in marketing are described below.
Advertising:advertising jobs are available in advertising companies, advertising agencies, and media establishments.Individuals are employed a copy-writers, artists, photographers,researchers, layout designers, printing experts, accountants, e.t.c.
Personal Selling :sales jobs are far the most numerous of all marketing jobs. They are available in most industrial and commercial enterprises. For examples, manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers require the services of sales people. Sales jobs requires extensive travelling and aggressiveness, highly motivated individuals who enjoy work with people.Most salesmen make more from allowances and commissions which are usually combined with straight salaries .
Marketing Research: marketing research covers a broad range of research activities including product research,. sales research, and corporate research. The marketing researcher secures information from consumer in each of these areas of activity and analyses and interprets the data so collected and compiles the final report for the use of management.
Purchasing:
Large companies have positions for buyers or purchasing agents.Wholesale and retail organisations utilise the services of buyers or assistant buyers in procuring goods for sale to their customers.Manufacturers require the services of purchasing agents in sourcing for and acquiring raw materials for the production department. For you to become a good retail buyer or an individual purchasing agent, you need to be able to analyse markets,determine the type of merchandize needed by your customers, and negotiate with sellers.
Product Management:
Product or brand focuses on the management of a particular brand of product in a multi-product company.The product manager is responsible for planning the marketing programme for his product line including packaging, labelling, pricing, advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, and physical distribution.

PRODUCTION
Manufacturing industries have opportunities for the employment of graduates of business. Initially,you could be employed as a trainee and after many years of experience you could be promoted to such supervisory positions as line supervisors, production manager, or plant manager. You could also be trained by the company to become its purchasing agents. After many years of experience as a purchasing agent, you could be made responsible for all aspects of materials management in the company.

ACCOUNTING
Accounting is a profession that attracts a very large following. Every company that is worth its salt has an accounting department that is usually headed by a qualified accountant. Accountants are commonly employed in one of the three sub-divisions namely, public accounting, private accounting and governmental accounting. A public accountant offers his services and those of his employees to the pubic for a fee just as lawyers do. A lot of positions also exist in industry for private accountants. Many of such positions are for beginners and there are good opportunities for advancement. A lot of governmental accounting positions are also available in state and federal civil service for graduate of accounting. Such positions include auditor, internal auditor, executive officer(accounts) etc.

FINANCE
Finance is a field that offers a variety of vocational opportunities for graduates of business. These are in banking, insurance, and real estate .Individuals can work as cashiers and credit managers in commercial banks and as underwriters, actuaries, claims adjusters, claims examiners, and brokers in insurance companies.

PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
Employment opportunities in the area of personnel or human resources are greater in manufacturing firms than they are in firms that are engaged in distribution and non-manufacturing enterprises. You could be employed as manpower analyst or personnel researcher, and after years of experience you could rise to the position of human resources manager or director of training.

A CAREER IN ECONOMICS
Graduates of economics are faced with enough job opportunities. This is because economics as a discipline is focused on the ordinary business of Life. Therefore, graduates of this discipline may be employed in the following sectors: manufacturing. banking, insurance, retailing industries, as well as Governmental organization. Graduates of this discipline be consultants whereby they will their skills to render services to the public

CAREER PLANNING

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One of the most important decisions we make in life is the choice of a career. This is so because the type of career we choose will have a significant influence on our lives and those of the member of our family.

Career planning requires that we look ahead into the future to see what our goals and interests are in life and what we can do to meet those goals.In order to do this,we need to have adequate information about different types of careers and understand certain factors that guides individuals in career decision making. These factors include,type and nature of occupation,size of company,job location,and training required for the job.

TYPE AND NATURE OF OCCUPATION
This is a very important factor in career choice because the type and nature of an occupation determines whether one is satisfied or happy with the job.Therefore, in choosing a career,you should determine whether the job is compatible with your personality,aims ,aspirations and social background.

SIZE OF THE COMPANY
Size of company has some relationships with the services offered by a company and the benefits enjoyed by its employees.For example ,large companies provide greater job securities.more fringe benefits,and greater opportunities for training to their employees.Small companies on the other hand, provide greater opportunities for individual initiative.

JOB MOBILITY AND GROWTH PROSPECTS
Do you seek the type of job that would allow you move from one geographic area of the country to another easily? Some occupations allow for upward mobility, that is, they allow people to rise from lower level positions to higher positions. In such jobs people can be employed in staff positions and after years of experience, they are promoted into line positions.

TRAINING AND QUALIFICATIONS NEEDED
It is not enough for you to be needed in a particular job .It is more important for you to know what qualifications you need to enter the job and to succeed in it. Knowledge of such qualifications will enable you to review your own background to see whether your qualifications fit the requirements of the job and what you can do to improve your background.